Subduction forces and flow pattern
Conceptual illustration for the basic forces and mantle flow pattern around subduction zones.
Conceptual illustration for the basic forces and mantle flow pattern around subduction zones.
Conceptual illustration of different styles (regimes) of tectonics and mantle convection, which are relevant for rocky planets.
100-km depth contours outline the basic radial compositional structure of the planetary interiors of Earth, Mars, Venus, and Mercury.
Planetary interiors represented by 100-km depth contours outlining the basic compositional structure.
Conceptual model sketches for proposed compositional structures of Earth's mantle, including "Marble cake", "Thermo-chemical piles", and "Mid-mantle blobs" theories.
Surface projected global horizontal seismic S-wave velocity anomaly maps for different mantle depths revealing the two large low shear-wave velocity provinces (LLSVPs).
A schematic highlighting the travel paths of seismic waves through the Earth’s interior.