Earth’s mantle heterogeneity theories
Conceptual model sketches for proposed compositional structures of Earth's mantle, including "Marble cake", "Thermo-chemical piles", and "Mid-mantle blobs" theories.
Conceptual model sketches for proposed compositional structures of Earth's mantle, including "Marble cake", "Thermo-chemical piles", and "Mid-mantle blobs" theories.
Surface projected global horizontal seismic S-wave velocity anomaly maps for different mantle depths revealing the two large low shear-wave velocity provinces (LLSVPs).
A schematic highlighting the travel paths of seismic waves through the Earth’s interior.
Illustration of the Earth with parts of its mantle extracted showing plate creation, cooling, and destruction.
Temporal evolution of a global, fully spherical, 3D model of whole-mantle convection.
Temporal evolution of a global, fully spherical, 3D model of whole-mantle convection.
Illustrative vertical cross-section showing the oceanic plate as part of whole-mantle convection.