Earth interior model

Simplified model of the Earth’s interior and its global dynamics featuring a solid inner and a fluid outer core, a viscous partially molten but not fluid mantle, and characteristic surface topography.

Planetary interior

Comparison of suggested mantle convection in the Earth (mobile-lid mode) and Venus (inefficient short slab mode).

Plume-induced subduction

Temporal evolution of subduction initiation in a global, 3-D spherical numerical experiment showing the cold plates and hot mantle plumes.

Dynamic planet Earth

Illustration of the Earth with parts of its mantle extracted showing plate creation, cooling, and destruction.

Mantle convection

Illustrative vertical cross-section showing the oceanic plate as part of whole-mantle convection.

Ocean-plate tectonics

A schematic highlighting Ocean-plate tectonics: ocean-plate formation, cooling and destruction as part of the planet's global mantle convection.

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