Simplified model of the Earth’s interior and its global dynamics featuring a solid inner and a fluid outer core, a viscous partially molten but not fluid mantle, and characteristic surface topography.

Simplified model of the Earth interior and its global dynamics featuring a solid inner and a fluid outer core, a viscous partially molten but not fluid mantle, with hot material rising from the core-mantle boundary in form of active mantle plumes and cold material, including oceanic surface plates, sinking back into the mantle in a process called subduction. The dynamics in the Earth interior crucially shapes the rocky surface of the planet, creating mountain ranges and deep-sea trenches.

  • Creator: Fabio Crameri
  • This version: 06.10.2021
  • License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
  • Specific citation: This graphic by Fabio Crameri adjusted from Crameri & Tackley (2016) is available via the open-access s-ink.org repository.
  • Related reference: Crameri, F., and P. J. Tackley (2016), Subduction initiation from a stagnant lid and global overturn: new insights from numerical models with a free surface, Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, 3(1), 1–19, doi:10.1186/s40645-016-0103-8
  • Transparent background
  • Suitable for light & dark backgrounds
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white

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