Core

Planetary spheres art

100-km depth contours outline the basic radial compositional structure of the planetary interiors of Earth, Mars, Venus, and Mercury.

Planetary spheres

Planetary interiors represented by 100-km depth contours outlining the basic compositional structure.

Core elements

The most common elements inside the Earth’s core.

Earth’s elements

The most common elements inside the planet Earth.

Seismic wave travel paths

A schematic highlighting the travel paths of seismic waves through the Earth’s interior.

Earth processes

A schematic highlighting some of the most relevant Earth processes.

Mantle convection

Illustrative vertical cross-section showing the oceanic plate as part of whole-mantle convection.