Gallery

Historic earthquake distribution

Global distribution map of large 5.8+ magnitude historic earthquakes derived from seismic wave measurements.

Light spectrum (approximation)

Approximate RGB values for the visible wavelengths of the light spectrum.

Earth interior model

Simplified model of the Earth’s interior and its global dynamics featuring a solid inner and a fluid outer core, a viscous partially molten but not fluid mantle, and characteristic surface topography.

Planetary interior

Comparison of suggested mantle convection in the Earth (mobile-lid mode) and Venus (inefficient short slab mode).

Slab-gap dynamics

Sketch of an evolution of an opening and sinking slab gap during oceanic subduction and the resulting surrounding mantle flow.

Volcanic arc creation

A conceptual view of a volcanic arc growing through the evolution of magmatism in subduction zones controlled by fluid and melt fluxes.

Deep geologic water cycle

A schematic cartoon of the deep water cycle in the Earth's mantle.

Paleo surface topography (globe animation)

Animation of the Earth’s surface topography through the Cenozoic time (66 - 0 Ma) on the globe.

Earth topography (globe animation)

Animations of the Earth’s surface topography on the globe.