Gallery

Lithosphere thickness map

Global maps displaying lateral variations in lithosphere thickness across the surface of the Earth.

Heat flow map

Global maps of the solid Earth’s surface heat flow based on Davies (2013).

Subduction zone initiation types

Illustration of the three types of subduction zone initiation (SZI) events, namely Newly destructive, Episodic subduction, and Polarity reversal.

Subduction initiation forcing

The illustration depicts two endmember states in subduction zone initiation: vertically-forced and horizontally-forced subduction initiation.

Cenozoic paleogeography (animation)

Global paleogeography with zoomed in figures showing the evolution of oceanic gateways active during the Cenozoic time.

Paleo surface topography

Earth’s reconstructed global surface topography from the beginning of the Cenozoic era (66 Million years ago) until today.

Paleo surface topography (animated)

Animations of the Earth’s global surface topography reconstructed through the Cenozoic time (66 - 0 Ma).

3-D subduction mantle flow

3-D subduction dynamics and mantle flow model animation showing the time evolution of oceanic plate subduction and resulting mantle flow.

Global volcano distribution

Global distribution of active and inactive volcanoes as compiled in the NCEI Volcano Location Database.