Spectroscopically-confirmed early galaxies and the cosmic star formation rate before and after the first observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The individual timing of the galaxies since the Big Bang is measured by their redshifts.
a.) The distribution of pre-JWST candidates (dots) and public JWST data sets (squares) over absolute magnitude (MUV) and time, highlighting the power of JWST to detect galaxies beyond a redshift of 6. The latter include compilations (Roberts-Borsani et al. 2024) and single targets (Castellano et al. 2024; Carniani et al. 2024) observed with NIRSpec MSA observations, as well as NIRCam grism (FRESCO and EIGER; Oesch et al., 2023 and Kashino et al., 2023b, respectively).
b.) The cosmic Star-Formation-Rate (SFR) density over the first Billion years (adapted from Figure 17 of Harikane et al., 2024), as seen from HST/WFC3 samples (circles) and JWST/NIRCam estimates (squares). A model of constant star formation (SF) efficiency is plotted as grey line, for comparison. The model and all literature points are derived from Harikane et al., 2024 (and references therein). The literature points are integrated down to an absolute magnitude of MUV = −18 mag.
This graphic was developed during the breakthrough workshop ‘The Chronology of the Very Early Universe According to JWST: The First Billion Years‘ at the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, Switzerland.
- Series: ISSI Breakthrough Workshop 2024 (issibt24)
- Creators: Guido Roberts-Borsani and Fabio Crameri
- This version: 08.06.2024
- License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
- Specific citation: This graphic by Guido Roberts-Borsani and Fabio Crameri (ISSI Bern) published in ISSI Breakthrough Workshop team (2024) is available via the open-access s-ink.org repository.
- Related reference: ISSI Breakthrough Workshop 2024 team (2024, pre-print), arXiv, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2405.21054
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