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Category: Data visualisations

Data visualisations are graphical representations of scientific data, using tools like axes, scales, and colour gradients to quantify and display information. Through charts, graphs, and plots, they help users spot patterns, trends, and insights, making complex data easier to interpret, understand, and communicate effectively.

Solid-state convection

Simulation of infinite Prandtl number, thermal convection (e.g., mantle convection).

Simulation of infinite Prandtl number, thermal convection (e.g., mantle convection). Simulations are run for variable Rayleigh numbers (Ra) and with or without internal heating (H) on a grid with 64×64 discrete nodes using an isoviscous formulation (unless marked otherwise). Equations solved are non-dimensionalised (nd) and the domain boundaries free-slip (impermeable) and insulating on both domain sides, and isothermally hot at the bottom and cold at the top. The Scientific colour map ‘vik‘ is used to represent data accurately and to all readers.

  • Transparent background
  • Light & dark background versions
  • Vector format versions
  • Perceptually-uniform colour map
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable as black&white print
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Solid-state convection (animation)

Simulation of infinite Prandtl number, thermal convection (e.g., mantle convection).

Animated simulation of infinite Prandtl number, thermal convection (e.g., mantle convection). Simulations are run for variable Rayleigh numbers (Ra) and with or without internal heating (H) on a grid with 64×64 discrete nodes using an isoviscous formulation (unless marked otherwise). Equations solved are non-dimensionalised (nd) and the domain boundaries are free-slip (impermeable) and insulating on both domain sides, and isothermally hot at the bottom and cold at the top. The stream-function indicates the instantaneous direction of the flow at any given point in time. The Scientific colour maps ‘vik’ and ‘cork‘ are used to represent data accurately and to all readers.

  • Light & dark background versions
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable as black&white version
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Subduction diversity

Subduction diversity on the Earth represented by variable observed parameters.

Subduction diversity on the Earth represented by variable observed parameters. Shown are individual data points (transparent circles) together with their standard deviation, mean and median for ocean-ocean (blue) and ocean-continent (brown) subduction zones. While the minimum bending radii are compiled from Buffett and Heuret (2011), the remaining data are extracted from the compilation of Lallemand et al. (2005).

  • Transparent background
  • Light & dark background versions
  • Vector format version
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable as black&white print
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Subduction earthquakes (crosssection)

Vertical crosssection through the Japan subduction zone highlighting large, subduction-related earthquakes recorded over the last decades and the spatial distribution of their hypocentres.

Vertical crosssection through the Japan subduction zone highlighting large, subduction-related earthquakes recorded by USGS over the last decades and the spatial distribution of their hypocentres, which outlines the downgoing plate and the single-sided nature of subduction zones on the Earth.

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  • Light & dark background versions
  • Vector format versions
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
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Subduction zones (map)

A map of the Earth’s subduction zones, featuring all major subduction trenches, including the South American and the Izu Bonin Marianas.

Map of subduction zones on the Earth. Shown are the well known subduction trenches compiled by Bird (2003) across the Earth’s surface.

  • Creator: Fabio Crameri
  • This version: 25.09.2022
  • License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
  • Specific citation: This graphic by Fabio Crameri after Crameri and Tackley (2014) is available via the open-access s-Ink.org repository.
  • Related references:
    Crameri, F., and P.J. Tackley (2014), Spontaneous development of arcuate single-sided subduction in global 3-D mantle convection models with a free surface, J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 119(7), 5921-5942, doi:10.1002/2014JB010939
  • Transparent background
  • Light & dark background versions
  • Vector format version
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable as black&white print
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Mars terraforming

Terraforming Mars visually using scientific colormaps of Crameri (2018).

Theoretical terraforming Mars using the Scientific colormap ‘oleron‘ of Crameri (2018) highlighting the planet’s surface dichotomy. The animation shows the digital elevation model (available from https://astrogeology.usgs.gov) based on Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data (MOLA; Smith et al. 1999) obtained on NASA’s Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft (Albee et al. 2001).

  • High-res GIF and video formats
  • Light and dark background versions
  • Perceptually uniform colour map (but unequal representation below and above zero level)
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
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Population density

Population density of the world, for the year 2020.

Human population density across the world, for the year 2020. The world’s population is approximately 8’000’000’000, and the Earth’s total area, encompassing both land and water, is 510’000’000 square kilometres. Consequently, the global human population density is calculated as 8’000’000’000 divided by 510’000’000, resulting in a average value of 16 people per square kilometre. Provided are (A) a gridded visualisation with 2.5 min resolution, (B) a visualisation of the mean population density per country calculated from the 2.5 min grid (GPWv4), and (C) an animation combining graphics (A) and (B).

The Scientific colour map ‘lajolla‘ is used to represent data accurately and to all readers.

  • Gridded and mean data versions
  • High-res video format
  • Perceptually uniform colour map
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
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Ocean depths

Depth comparison of prominent places in the Earth’s oceans measured from the sea level down.

Depth comparison of prominent places in the Earth’s oceans measured from the sea level down. All icons are to scale.

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  • Vector format
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
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Mountain heights

Height comparison of prominent mountains on the Earth measured from their base to their peak.

Height comparison of prominent mountains on the Earth measured from their base to their peak unrelated to their respective height above sea level. Icons of buildings are to scale.

  • Transparent background
  • Light & dark background versions
  • Vector format
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
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