Stagnant-lid mantle convection
Temporal evolution of a global, fully spherical, 3D model of whole-mantle convection.
Mobile-lid mantle convection
Temporal evolution of a global, fully spherical, 3D model of whole-mantle convection.
Mantle convection
Illustrative vertical cross-section showing the oceanic plate as part of whole-mantle convection.
Ocean-plate tectonics
A schematic highlighting Ocean-plate tectonics: ocean-plate formation, cooling and destruction as part of the planet's global mantle convection.