The consistency of different methods to measure the Hubble Constant. Shown are differences in the measured Hubble constant for galaxies at various redshifts, compared to the combined best estimate (“everything” solution). Each panel shows results from one measurement method, where points represent individual galaxies, with error bars showing the expected variation within that method. The shaded bars on the right indicate the average value and overall spread for each method. As such, the figure shows how consistently different techniques measure the expansion rate of the Universe.
Data are drawn from published Hubble-flow measurements compiled in the Hubble Constant “everything” solution, including distances derived from Cepheids, TRGB, SBF, and Type Ia supernovae, as assembled by the H₀DN Collaboration (2025).
The graphic was developed within the framework of the ISSI Workshop ‘What’s under the H0od? Towards Consensus on the local value of the Hubble Constant‘ at the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, Switzerland.
The Scientific colour map ‘batlow‘ is used to represent data accurately and to all readers.
- Creator: Fabio Crameri
- This version: 20.10.2025
- License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
- Specific citation: This graphic by Fabio Crameri (ISSI Bern) from H₀DN Collaboration (2025) is available via the open-access s-ink.org repository.
- Related reference:
H₀DN Collaboration, Casertano, S., Anand, G., Anderson, R. I., et al. (2025). The Local Distance Network: A community consensus report on the measurement of the Hubble constant at 1% precision. arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.23823. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.23823
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