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Category: Data visualisations

Data visualisations are graphical representations of scientific data, using tools like axes, scales, and colour gradients to quantify and display information. Through charts, graphs, and plots, they help users spot patterns, trends, and insights, making complex data easier to interpret, understand, and communicate effectively.

Surface topography (relief)

Global maps of the Earth’s surface topography showing the bedrock elevation across oceans, land, and ice sheets.

Global maps of the Earth’s surface topography showing the bedrock elevation across oceans, land, and ice sheets. Shown is ETOPO1 (Amante and Eakins 2009), a 1 arc-minute global relief model of Earth’s surface that integrates land topography and ocean bathymetry. The Scientific colour map ‘bukavu‘ is used to represent data accurately and to all readers.

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Tectonic plates (relief)

Global maps of tectonic plates of the Earth, consisting of 56 individual plates named according to abbreviations given in Argus et al. (2011).

Tectonic plates map of the Earth, consisting of 56 individual plates named according to abbreviations given in Argus et al. (2011). The Earth’s lithosphere, the rigid outer shell of the planet including the crust and part of the upper mantle, is fractured into about eight major plates and more minor tectonic plates. The relative movement of the plates typically ranges from zero to 10 cm annually. This relative motion causes different deformation at the plate boundaries, which can be grouped into convergence, divergence, and strike-slip motion. At divergent plate boundaries (i.e., spreading ridges), tectonic plates are created, whereas at convergent boundaries (i.e., subduction zones), tectonic plates are recycled back into the Earth’s mantle. Due to their strong deformation, those tectonic plate boundaries are the most common sites for earthquakes and volcanoes.

The Scientific colour map ‘batlow‘ is used to represent individual plates to all readers on this tectonic plates map.

  • Creator: Fabio Crameri
  • This version: 10.09.2021
  • License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
  • Specific citation: This graphic by Fabio Crameri from Crameri et al. (2020) is available via the open-access s-ink.org repository.
  • Related references:
    Argus, D. F., R. G. Gordon, and C. DeMets (2011), Geologically current motion of 56 plates relative to the no‐net‐rotation reference frame, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 12, Q11001, doi:10.1029/2011GC003751.
    Bird, P. (2003), An updated digital model of plate boundaries, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 4(3), 1027, doi:10.1029/ 2001GC000252.
    Crameri, F., G.E. Shephard, and E.O. Straume (2022, Pre-print), Effective high-quality science graphics from s-Ink.org, EarthArXiv, https://doi.org/10.31223/X51P78
  • Alternative map projections
  • Transparent background
  • Light & dark background versions
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
Download

Faulty or missing link? – Please report them via a reply below!

Tectonic plates

Global maps of tectonic plates of the Earth, consisting of 56 individual plates named according to abbreviations given in Argus et al. (2011).

Maps of the tectonic plates of the Earth, consisting of 56 individual plates named according to abbreviations given in Argus et al. (2011). The Earth’s lithosphere, the rigid outer shell of the planet including the crust and part of the upper mantle, is fractured into about eight major plates and more minor tectonic plates. The relative movement of the plates typically ranges from zero to 10 cm annually. This relative motion causes different deformation at the plate boundaries, which can be grouped into convergence, divergence, and strike-slip motion. At divergent plate boundaries (i.e., spreading ridges), tectonic plates are created, whereas at convergent boundaries (i.e., subduction zones), tectonic plates are recycled back into the Earth’s mantle. Due to their strong deformation, those tectonic plate boundaries are the most common sites for earthquakes and volcanoes.

The Scientific colour map ‘batlow‘ is used to represent individual plates to all readers.

  • Creator: Fabio Crameri
  • This version: 10.09.2021
  • License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
  • Specific citation: This graphic by Fabio Crameri from Crameri et al. (2022) is available via the open-access s-ink.org repository.
  • Related references:
    Argus, D. F., R. G. Gordon, and C. DeMets (2011), Geologically current motion of 56 plates relative to the no‐net‐rotation reference frame, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 12, Q11001, doi:10.1029/2011GC003751.
    Bird, P. (2003), An updated digital model of plate boundaries, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 4(3), 1027, doi:10.1029/ 2001GC000252.
    Crameri, F., G.E. Shephard, and E.O. Straume (2022, Pre-print), Effective high-quality science graphics from s-Ink.org, EarthArXiv, https://doi.org/10.31223/X51P78
  • Alternative map projections
  • Transparent background
  • Light & dark background versions
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
Download

Faulty or missing link? – Please report them via a reply below!

Tectonic plates (simple)

Global maps of tectonic plates of the Earth, consisting of 56 individual plates named according to abbreviations given in Argus et al. (2011).

Maps of the tectonic plates of the Earth, consisting of 56 individual plates named according to abbreviations given in Argus et al. (2011). The Earth’s lithosphere, the rigid outer shell of the planet including the crust and part of the upper mantle, is fractured into about eight major plates and more minor tectonic plates. The relative movement of the plates typically ranges from zero to 10 cm annually. This relative motion causes different deformation at the plate boundaries, which can be grouped into convergence, divergence, and strike-slip motion. At divergent plate boundaries (i.e., spreading ridges), tectonic plates are created, whereas at convergent boundaries (i.e., subduction zones), tectonic plates are recycled back into the Earth’s mantle. Due to their strong deformation, those tectonic plate boundaries are the most common sites for earthquakes and volcanoes.
The Scientific colour map ‘batlow‘ is used to represent individual plates to all readers.

  • Creator: Fabio Crameri
  • This version: 10.09.2021
  • License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
  • Specific citation: This graphic by Fabio Crameri from Crameri et al. (2022) is available via the open-access s-ink.org repository.
  • Related references:
    Argus, D. F., R. G. Gordon, and C. DeMets (2011), Geologically current motion of 56 plates relative to the no‐net‐rotation reference frame, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 12, Q11001, doi:10.1029/2011GC003751.
    Bird, P. (2003), An updated digital model of plate boundaries, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 4(3), 1027, doi:10.1029/ 2001GC000252.
    Crameri, F., G.E. Shephard, and E.O. Straume (2022, Pre-print), Effective high-quality science graphics from s-Ink.org, EarthArXiv, https://doi.org/10.31223/X51P78
  • Alternative map projections
  • Transparent background
  • Light & dark background versions
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
Download

Faulty or missing link? – Please report them via a reply below!

Atlantic ocean floor

Bathymetry and geophysical properties of the Atlantic Ocean, including bathymetry, total sediment thickness, age of the oceanic lithosphere, and residual bathymetry.

Bathymetry and geophysical properties of the Atlantic Ocean, including, on the top left, the bathymetry (GEBCO 2019; http://www.gebco.net), on the top right, the total sediment thickness (Straume et al. 2019), on the bottom left, the age of the oceanic lithosphere (Straume et al. 2019), and on the bottom right, the residual bathymetry (Straume et al. 2019). The data comparison reveals an anomalous basement depth with respect to predicted thermal subsidence of oceanic lithosphere from a half-space cooling model, which is computed using the bathymetry, sediment thickness and oceanic lithospheric age grids. Various Scientific colour maps are used to represent data accurately and to all readers.

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Global Cenozoic paleogeography

Global Cenozoic paleogeography, and the deep sea benthic foraminifera oxygen isotope curve.

Global Cenozoic paleogeography of Straume et al. (2020), and the deep sea benthic foraminifera oxygen isotope curve of Zachos et al. (2008). The Scientific colour map ‘oleron‘ is used to represent surface elevation accurately and to all readers.

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Oceanic Large-Igneous Provinces

Age of the oceanic lithosphere with superposed oceanic Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs).

Age of the oceanic lithosphere, from Straume et al. (2019), with superposed oceanic Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) from Torsvik & Cocks (2016) coloured in light blue. NAIP: North Atlantic Igneous Province, HALIP: High Arctic Large Igneous Province. The Scientific colour map ‘lajolla‘ is used to represent ocean-plate age accurately and to all readers.

  • Creator: Eivind O. Straume
  • This version: 03.09.2021
  • License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
  • Specific citation: This graphic by Eivind O. Straume from Straume et al. (2019) is available via the open-access s-Ink repository.
  • Related reference: Related reference: Straume, E. O., Gaina, C., Medvedev, S., Hochmuth, K., Gohl, K., Whittaker, J. M., et al. (2019). GlobSed: Updated total sediment thickness in the world’s oceans. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 20, 1756– 1772. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC008115
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North East Atlantic Ocean Circulation

Sketched ocean circulation pattern in the NE Atlantic Ocean.

Sketched ocean circulation pattern in the NE Atlantic Ocean, from Straume (2020). Note how the circulation closely follows the bathymetry. Shown are warm (red) and cold (blue) surface currents, warm (orange) and cold (cyan) intermediate currents, and deep currents (purple). The bathymetry is the GEBCO 2014 grid (Weatherall et al., 2015) and the currents are modified from Newton and Huuse (2017). GSR: Greenland – Scotland Ridge. The Scientific colour map ‘oslo‘ is used to represent bathymetry accurately and to all readers.

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North East Atlantic Ocean Evolution

Opening of the North East Atlantic Ocean and dynamic support from the Iceland mantle plume.

Opening of the North East Atlantic Ocean and dynamic support from the Iceland mantle plume. The Scientific colour maps ‘oleron’ and lajolla‘ is used to represent data accurately and to all readers.

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  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
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