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Category: Instructions

Science instructions or guidelines present step-by-step information or best practices in a clear, structured format. They help users understand procedures, apply methods correctly, and interpret scientific concepts effectively.

Local Distance Network

The Local Distance Network offers a multi-route method for accurately determining the Hubble constant. It includes various techniques for gauging galactic distances, linking geometric approaches to establish H0.

Conceptual overview of the Local Distance Network, a multi-route approach to deriving the Hubble constant in our universe. Included are a non-exhaustive collection of various methods for determining galactic distances and how these can connect the absolute scale established through geometric means to the Hubble constant H0. Background rectangles illustrate the positions of Rung 1, Rung 2 and Rung 3 in a traditional distance ladder from left to right.

The graphic was developed within the framework of the ISSI Workshop ‘What’s under the H0od? Towards Consensus on the local value of the Hubble Constant‘ at the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, Switzerland.

The Scientific colour map ‘hirta‘ is used to make the colour coding accessible to all readers.

  • Creator: Fabio Crameri
  • This version: 01.12.2025
  • License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
  • Specific citation: This graphic by Fabio Crameri (ISSI Bern) based on the original by Richard Anderson and the H₀DN Collaboration (2025) is available via the open-access s-ink.org repository.
  • Related reference:
    H₀DN Collaboration, Casertano, S., Anand, G., Anderson, R. I., et al. (2025). The Local Distance Network: A community consensus report on the measurement of the Hubble constant at 1% precision. arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.23823. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.23823 

  • Light & dark background versions
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
  • Vector graphics version
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Science graphic design guideline

Supporting guideline and check-list for designing a good science figure with purpose.

Supporting guideline for designing a science figure that has a clear purpose, is tailored to its audience and medium, is scientifically accurate and universally readable, effective and engaging, and reproducible and reusable. The guideline is available in multiple languages.

  • Multiple language versions (incl. German & Spanish)
  • Transparent background
  • Colour-blind friendly
  • Vector-graphic version
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Figure accuracy and accessibility guideline

A template of guidelines to creating accurate, accessible, and inclusive science figures to be directed at authors of scientific publishers.

A template of guidelines for creating accurate, accessible, and inclusive science figures to be directed at authors of scientific journals and conference organisers. The guideline aims to reduce the widespread use and reuse of unscientific colour maps, such as rainbow-types like ‘jet‘ and instead promote science-proof alternative colour maps, such as ‘batlow‘. The template was first developed for the diamond open-access journal Tektonika and refined by its community.

  • PDF format
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
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Scientific colour use reminders

A set of text template statements to effectively remind peers to improve inaccurate and/or inaccessible figures.

A set of text template statements to effectively remind peers, for example during peer-review, to improve inaccurate and/or inaccessible figures. The statements aim to reduce the widespread use and reuse of unscientific colour maps, such as rainbow-types like ‘jet‘, and instead promote science-proof alternative colour maps, such as ‘batlow‘.

  • PDF format
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
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Colour palette and gradient types

Classification of colour maps into palette types and gradient types.

Colour maps are classified into different palette types (continuous; discrete; categorical) and gradient types (sequential; diverging; multi-sequential; cyclic). Only sequential colour-gradient types can be faithfully applied to categorical types of data in form of categorical colour palettes. Scientific colour maps of all types are available from www.fabiocrameri.ch/colourmaps. A guideline on when to use which type is given on s-ink.org/colour-map-guideline.

  • Vector format
  • Dark version
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
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The scientific method

Visualisation depicting the fundamental steps of the scientific method, an indispensable framework for cultivating and sustaining a robust community-level comprehension of scientific phenomena.

Visualisation depicting the fundamental steps of the scientific method, an indispensable framework for cultivating and sustaining a robust community-level comprehension of scientific phenomena. Mastery of data analysis is essential for effective research, involving critical questions such as ‘What are we investigating?’ ‘How do we experimentally validate our hypotheses?’ ‘Can results be confidently confirmed?’ and ‘What additional information is needed for robust conclusions?’ The scientific proficiency extends to adeptly presenting research outcomes in a lucid and concise manner, encompassing both positive and negative findings. In an era where misinformation poses a genuine threat, the foundational principles of critical thinking inherent in the scientific method play a pivotal role in appreciating, sharing, and safeguarding knowledge.

The Scientific colour map ‘batlow‘ is used to represent individual graphic elements to all readers.

  • Animated version
  • Individual frames
  • Printable (vector format & CMYK) version
  • Suitable for light & dark backgrounds
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
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Colour map guideline

Guideline for choosing the right scientific colour map for any given dataset.

Guideline for choosing the right scientific colour map for any given dataset. For effective data representation, the nature of a given data set has to be matched by a suitable colour map gradient- and palette type, and colour combination; the flow chart provides clear instruction for when to choose which one of them. See all available colour map types on https://s-ink.org/colour-palette-and-gradient-types. All different types of scientific colour maps are available from www.fabiocrameri.ch/colourmaps.

  • Vector format
  • Colour-vision deficiency friendly
  • Readable in black&white
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